Without Borders has written an open letter dated 16 July 2013 to Burmese
President Thein Sein, who begins a two-day visit to France started on Wednesday,
calling for an investigation into the former military government's crimes
against the media since 1962.
Even
though the organization was on a blacklist in Burma for more than 20 years, it
kept a record of cases of journalists who were killed by the previous junta. Some journalist-prisoners died as a result of
tortures they suffered in the junta-run prison system.
Reporters
Without Borders says in its open letter that the authorities announced the
death of Ne Win, a correspondent for the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun, at a
press conference on 14 May 1991 saying he had died in hospital from cirrhosis
of the liver. The army had accused him of being an opposition supporter but he
had never been formally charged or tried, the watchdog said.
One
month later, on 11 June 1991, Ba Thaw, a famous writer and satirist also known
as Maung Thaw Ka, reportedly died of heart attack in prison, the authorities
said.
Seven
years later, in August 1998, Saw Win, editor of the Botahtaung daily, died of a
heart attack in Tharrawady prison. In fact, as said by his relatives, he had
not been receiving necessary medical treatment. He had been sentenced to ten
years' imprisonment in 1990.
The
organization's letter also said that in September 1999, Thar Win, a
photographer with the government newspaper Kye-mon, died of the liver cirrhosis
at a detention centre under military intelligence department. He was arrested
due to his newspaper had published a photograph of Gen. Khin Nyunt, the then
military intelligence chief, alongside a report headlined "The world's biggest
crook."
Moreover,
photographer Tin Maung Oo, who often worked for the National League for
Democracy (NLD), was struck hard on the head by the junta's thugs while he was
taking pictures of an attack on Aung San Suu Kyi's motorcade in Depayin on 30
May 2003. He died on the spot, the Reporters Without Borders mentions in its
letter.
Kenji
Nagai, a Japanese photographer and video journalist working for the Japanese
news agency APF, was shot dead by a soldier at close range while in a crowd of
demonstrators on a Rangoon street with his camera in his hand on 27 September
2007, during the Saffron Revolution.
According
to the organization's letter, Nagai death was unique as the scene has been
recorded on film witnessing the entire international community to see. A
Japanese embassy physician later confirmed that the bullet that killed him had
hit his heart after entering through the chest, proving that he had been shot
head on.
Hence, Reporters
Without Borders urges President U Thein Sein to create a Commission of Enquiry
dedicated to combating impunity for crimes against news providers since 1962. It
says that Burma is now starting a new page in history and the process of
democratization begun by his government will not be complete without an
official effort to render justice for the victims of the previous military
junta's crimes.
The Open
Letter says, "The commission's main task should be to investigate and, as best
as possible, to establish the circumstances in which these six journalists died
from 1991 to 2007. In addition to their deaths, journalists, media workers and
bloggers were subjected to many other abuses by the junta, including arrest,
violence, torture and hundreds of years in jail sentences handed down by courts
on the military's orders."
"This
commission's goal should also be recognition of all the crimes against Burmese
and foreign journalists and news providers since the start of the military
regime, to be achieved by means of thorough documentation in which we are ready
to participate," it says.
As
the sitting President Thien was the Prime Minister of the previous junta, he
ought to take into consideration of this open letter's suggestion in favor of
democratic change . If he uncared for this issue, he
may not be regarded as a reformist president.
After
the 1962 military coup, press freedom had no place in Burma. Many writers
and journalists were thrown into infamous prisons under the emergency security
act created by the then military junta. Over the last fifty years, Burmese
writers and journalists have called the PSRD censorship office the media
secret-police.
The
current government still needs to improve thoroughly the laws governing freedom
of expression -- especially the 1962 Printers and Publishers Registration Act,
the 1950 Emergency Provisions Act, article 505/B of the criminal code, the 1996
Television and Video Act, the 1996 Computer Science Development Act, Internet
Law (2000), Electronic Transactions Law (2004), the 1923 Officials Secrets Act
and the 1933 Burma Wireless Telegraphy Act.
Burma is
ranked 169th out of 179 countries in the 2011-2012 Reporters Without Borders
press freedom index.
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